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沙尘暴 2

三峡升船机 1

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中国铁路“走出去”风险 1

人工气候 1

修正拦截流 1

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原位谱学 1

厦门翔安海底隧道 1

双稳态电润湿；非平面；控制电极；低电压；高对比度 1

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Digitalization optical open loop test system for fiber optic gyroscope

ZHANG Deng-wei, SHU Xiao-wu, MU Xu-dong, LIU Cheng

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第4期页码 434-438 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0053-8

摘要： In order to receive and process the open loop signal from fiber optic gyroscopes speedily, stably and expediently, and to realize the amity interface between human and machine, a digital system that can convert GPIB (general purpose interface bus ) parallel bus into Universal Serial Bus is developed. All the interface functions of GPIB and the hardware system are realized through FPGA. With a digital sampling and processing system designed with VC++ in Windows platform, the real-time controlling procedure, high-speed receiving and sending data can be carried out, and the results can be displayed too. So the design of the system is flexible, the reliability and the stability are improved, error rate is no more than 10, the highest bit rate is 8 MB/s and the open loop detection system for optic fiber gyros achieves standardization and complete digitalization simultaneously.

关键词： stability real-time controlling standardization controlling procedure complete digitalization

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厦门翔安海底隧道施工关键技术研究

傅洪贤,刘永胜,郭衍敬,黄明琦

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第7期页码 30-34

摘要：

厦门翔安海底隧道是我国第一条海底隧道，陆域浅埋暗挖地段，其地质条件差，多为全、强风化花岗岩，且地下水丰富。前期施工过程中支护结构常发生较大的变形，为了保证施工安全和进度，通过现场试验，得出一套合理的控制变形措施，使隧道拱顶下沉、水平收敛得到较好控制。在海底硬岩地段进行了钻爆试验，得出较好的爆破方案和参数，并采用声波仪和位移计对围岩损伤范围进行了检测。

关键词：厦门翔安海底隧道开挖工法施工工序控制措施爆破

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Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 34-45 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2234-3

摘要： In the traditional extractive distillation process, organic solvents are often used as entrainers. However, environmental influence and high energy-consumption are significant problems in industrial application. In this study, a systematic screening strategy and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process was proposed. The innovative energy-saving design focused on the binary minimum azeotrope mixtures isopropanol and water. Miscibility, environmental impact and physical properties (e.g., melting point and viscosity) of 30 ionic liquids were investigated. 1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide were selected as candidate entrainers. Feasibility analysis of these two ionic liquids was further performed via residue curve maps, isovolatility line and temperature profiles. An innovative ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process combining distillation column and stripping column was designed and optimized with the objective function of minimizing the total annualized cost. The results demonstrate that the total annualized cost was reduced by 19.9% with 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide as the entrainer and by 24.3% with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide, compared with that of dimethyl sulfoxide. The method proposed in this study is conducive to the green and sustainable development of extractive distillation process.

关键词： ionic liquid entrainer screening feasibility analysis extractive distillation

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Effects of combined procedure and devascularization alone on hyperdynamics of the portal venous system

HUA Rong, SUN Yongwei, WU Zhiyong

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 244-247 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0046-6

摘要： Shunts and devascularizations have totally different effects on the hemodynamics of the portal venous system. The actual results of pericardial devascularization (PCDV) alone and conventional splenorenal shunt combined with pericardial devascularization (combined procedure, CP) should be determined by more clinical observations. This study aimed to evaluate effects on hemodynamics in the portal venous system after CP and PCDV only. In 20 patients who received CP and 18 who received PCDV, hemodynamic parameters of the portal venous system were studied by magnetic resonance angiography 1 week before and 2 weeks after operation. Free portal pressure (FPP) was continuously detected by a transducer during the operations. Compared to the preoperative data, a decreased flow in the portal vein (PVF) [(563.12 ± 206.42) mL/min (1080.63 ± 352.85) mL/min, < 0.05], a decreased portal vein diameter (PVD) [(1.20 ± 0.11) cm (1.30 ± 0.16) cm, < 0.01], a decreased FPP [(21.50 ± 2.67) mmHg (29.88 ± 2.30) mmHg, < 0.01] and an increased flow in the superior mesenteric vein (SMVF) [(1105.45 ± 309.03) mL/min (569.13 ± 178.46) mL/min, < 0.05] were found in the CP group after operation; a decreased PVD [(1.27 ± 0.16) cm (1.40 ± 0.23) cm, < 0.05], a decreased PVF [(684.60 ± 165.73) mL/min (1175.64 ± 415.09) mL/min, < 0.05], a decreased FPP [(24.40 ± 3.78) mmHg (28.80 ± 3.56) mmHg, < 0.05] and an increased SMVF [(697.91 ± 121.83) mL/min (521.30 ± 115.82) mL/min, < 0.05] were observed in the PCDV group. After operation, PVF in the CP group [(563.12 ± 206.42) mL/min (684.60 ± 165.73) mL/min, > 0.05] had no significant decrease, while FPP [(21.50 ± 2.67) mmHg (24.40 ± 3.78) mmHg, < 0.01] had a significant decrease as compared with that in the PCDV group. PVF and FPP could be decreased by both surgical procedures, but the effect of decreasing FPP was much better in the combined procedure than in PCDV alone. Further, there was no significant difference in PVF between the two groups. It is suggested that the combined surgical procedure could integrate the advantages of shunting with those of devascularization, as well as maintaining the normal anatomic structure of hepatic portal system, thus it should be one of the best choices for patients with portal hypertension when surgical interventions are considered.

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Structure controlling and process scale-up in the fabrication of nanomaterials

Chunzhong LI,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 18-25 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0305-3

摘要： Nanotechnology is already having a significant commercial impact, and will very certainly have a much greater impact in the future. The research on process engineering and scale-up will be very important for the commercial production and application of nanomaterials, because the properties and structure of nanomaterials are not only determined by the nucleation and growth process, but also strongly affected by the engineering properties, such as the mixing, the heat and mass transfer, and also the distribution of temperature, concentration, etc. This paper will present some research work in our laboratory on the fabrication of nanomaterials. Based on the chemical engineering principle and methods, many kinds of novel nanomaterials can be synthesized and their structure can be easily controlled through adjusting the parameters of the fluid mixing, and the distribution of temperature, residence time and concentration, etc. By using the micro-mixing, heat and mass transfer and reaction control methods, the host-guest nanocomposites have been assembled and assumed as the novel electroanalytical sensing nanobiocomposite materials. Based on the principles of chemical engineering, the manufacturing technologies for magnetic powders, calcium carbonate, and titanium dioxide have been developed for commercial-scale production, and the largest production scale has reached 15 kt/year.

关键词： scale-up significant commercial electroanalytical engineering laboratory

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Four kinds of capping materials for controlling phosphorus and nitrogen release from contaminated sediment

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1463-x

摘要：

• Lanthanum modified bentonite (LMB) can effectively absorb phosphorus (P).

关键词： Sediment Eutrophication Thin-layer capping Phosphorus Nitrogen Aluminum-based P-inactivation agent

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A dynamic procedure based on the scale-similarity hypotheses for large-eddy simulation

ZHOU Bing, CUI Guixiang, CHEN Naixiang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 468-472 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0069-z

摘要： Current dynamic procedures in large-eddy simulation treat the two subgrid-scale stresses in the Germano identity with the same subgrid base model. Thus to get the base model coefficient, the coefficient must be assumed to be consta

关键词： large-eddy simulation Germano identity coefficient subgrid-scale

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新建有岩爆倾向硬岩矿床采矿技术研究工作程序

郭然,于润沧

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第7期页码 51-55

摘要：

目前矿山的岩爆研究工作大都是围绕着如何预报和防治岩爆展开的，针对如何开展新建或尚未发生过岩爆矿山的岩爆研究工作不多。文章重点探讨了新建有岩爆倾向硬岩矿床开采技术研究工作程序，为建立有岩爆倾向深赋硬岩矿床采矿理论体系奠定了基础。

关键词：岩爆采矿技术工作程序

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过程神经元网络的若干理论问题

何新贵,梁久祯

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第12期页码 40-44

摘要：

文章提出一种过程神经元模型，其输人为与时间有关的函数或过程，它是传统人工神经元模型在时间域上的扩展。基于这种过程神经元模型，给出了一种仅含一个隐层的前馈型过程神经网络模型，即基展开过程神经元网络模型。证明了相应的连续性定理，逼近定理，计算能力定理等。

关键词：过程神经元网络函数逼近能力计算能力连续性

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三峡升船机船厢室施工程序研究

曾明

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第9期页码 40-44

摘要：

针对三峡升船机船厢室平衡重和船厢荷载的施加顺序对塔柱埋件结构部位变形的影响，对船厢室的施工顺序和设备安装顺序方案进行了研究，解决了船厢和平衡重荷载的施加顺序对螺母柱、齿条和纵向导向变位影响的施工技术难题。根据对塔柱结构进行的仿真计算结果，分析了船厢与平衡重荷载施加顺序分别对螺母柱、齿条、纵向导向部位横河向、顺河向和竖向变形的影响，通过对施工程序优化提出了合理的升船机船厢室的施工程序以及施工总进度计划安排。该施工程序能够使螺母柱、齿条、纵向导向、船厢结构与塔柱在各工况下的位移满足安全要求，并且基于该施工程序的施工进度满足升船机试运行要求。工程实践证明了本文所建立的三峡升船机船厢室施工程序的合理性与科学性，确保了三峡升船机船厢室的顺利施工，保障了升船机的安全运行，可为类似升船机船厢室的施工提供参考。

关键词：施工程序船厢室升船机三峡工程

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New concept and procedure for reliability assessment of an IEC 61850 based substation and distribution

Hosein HAYATI,Amir AHADI,Seyed Mohsen MIRYOUSEFI AVAL

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 387-398 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0382-6

摘要： Smart grid is a power grid consists of extensive monitoring systems which deal with the monitoring of attributes such as current, voltage, power, and energy at distribution transformers, substations transformers, distribution switching devices and smart meters. Smart grid with advanced communication technologies can be used for several purposes such as efficiency and reliability improvement. IEC 61850 is the core standard in the smart grid domain for distribution and substation automation. This paper introduces a vision of modern substation and distribution systems using the IEC 61850. Network operators mainly assume that the modern substation and distribution systems based on the IEC 61850 are reliable for a long-time of operation. However, similar to any other systems, the implemented IEC 61850 might fail because of the operational failures or aging failures. This paper proposes a novel method for reliability evaluation of modern substation and distribution systems. A typical IEC 61850 based distribution and substation system is developed and analyzed using the proposed method. The fault tree analysis (FTA) is used to quantify the reliability of the system. The technique is implemented and demonstrated on the Roy Billinton test system (RBTS). The analysis is further extended on a 400/63 kV substation with a breaker- and-a-half configuration. In addition, the technique proves to be robust under different operations. The results verify the feasibility and applicability of the proposed method.

关键词： IEC 61850 reliability assessment fault tree analysis

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过程神经网络的训练及其应用

何新贵,梁久祯,许少华

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第4期页码 31-35

摘要：

研究过程神经网络的学习算法及其在过程模式识别中的应用。针对权值基展开的过程神经网络讨论了权值基的选取规则和对采样曲线的标准化处理问题，给出了含一个隐层的过程神经网络的误差反传播学习算法。以聚合化学反应和渗流实验两个具体实例验证了算法的有效性，也说明了过程神经网络的广泛应用前景。

关键词：过程神经网络学习算法模式识别化学反应渗流

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Spray characteristics and controlling mechanism of fuel containing CO

Zhen HUANG, Jin XIAO, Xinqi QIAO, Gaozhi JIANG, Yiming SHAO, Seiichi SHIGA, Yasuhiro DAISHO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 80-88 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0180-3

摘要： This paper presents studies of spray characteristics and controlling mechanism of fuel containing CO . Using diesel fuel containing CO gas, experiments were conducted on diesel hole-type nozzles and simple nozzles. The steady spray and transient spray characteristics were observed and measured by instantaneous shadowgraphy, high-speed photography, phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) and LDSA respectively. The effects of CO concentration in the fuel, the injection pressure, the nozzle ratio, surrounding gas pressure and temperature on the atomization behavior and spray pattern were evaluated. The results show that the injection of fuel containing CO can greatly improve the atomization and produce a parabolic-shaped spray; and the CO gas concentration, surrounding gas pressure, temperature and nozzle configuration have dominant influences on spray characteristics of the fuel containing CO . New insight into the controlling mechanism of atomization of the fuel containing CO was provided.

关键词： spray characteristics fuel atomization fuel containing CO₂

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Factors controlling

Chengkun WANG, Xiaojian ZHANG, Chao CHEN, Jun WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 151-157 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0482-7

摘要： The formation of cancinogenic nitrosamines, esp. -nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in water and wastewater treatment plants has drawn much attention in recent years. Dissolved organic matter from the transported Luan River water as water source of Tianjin was fractionated with different XAD resins and a series of ultra-filtration membranes with molecular weight (MW) cut-offs of 5k Da, 3k Da, and 1k Da, respectively. The NDMA yields from the raw water and each fraction were measured to investigate their role in NDMA yield. Results indicated that the hydrophilic fraction had a higher NDMA yield than those of hydrophobic fraction and transphilic fraction. The fraction with MW below 1k Da had a higher NDMA yield than that with larger MW. NDMA formation increased as the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) ratio decreased, which indicated that DON might serve as the real important precursor for NDMA. The correlation between NDMA yield and specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA ) suggested that the latter might not represent the specific precursors for NDMA in the water. Besides the water quality, the influences of pH, disinfectant dosage, and disinfection contact time on the formation of NDMA were also examined. These results will help water treatment plants establish measures to control this harmful disinfection by-product.

关键词： N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) disinfection by-product dissolved organic nitrogen (DOC) hydrophilic molecular weight (MW) specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA₂₅₄)

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Shape/size controlling syntheses, properties and applications of two-dimensional noble metal nanocrystals

Baozhen An,Mingjie Li,Jialin Wang,Chaoxu Li

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 360-382 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1576-0

摘要： Two dimensional (2D) nanocrystals of noble metals (e.g., Au, Ag, Pt) often have unique structural and environmental properties which make them useful for applications in electronics, optics, sensors and biomedicines. In recent years, there has been a focus on discovering the fundamental mechanisms which govern the synthesis of the diverse geometries of these 2D metal nanocrystals (e.g., shapes, thickness, and lateral sizes). This has resulted in being able to better control the properties of these 2D structures for specific applications. In this review, a brief historical survey of the intrinsic anisotropic properties and quantum size effects of 2D noble metal nanocrystals is given and then a summary of synthetic approaches to control their shapes and sizes is presented. The unique properties and fascinating applications of these nanocrystals are also discussed.

关键词： two-dimension noble metal nanocrystal surface plasmon controllable synthesis